Background: Most children with congenital CMV are born to women who have cytomegalovirus. The most likely way for a child to become disabled from a congenital infection is if their mother had it when she was pregnant and was not already infected with CMV. Objectives: to furnish the inaugural national estimate of cytomegalovirus seropositivity among Iraqi children under five years of age and to evaluate the levels of BAFF and VCAM-1 in children infected with CMV. Materials and Methods: involved a total of 90 children with CMV and 90 healthy individuals, all aged between 1 and 5 years. Five milliliters of blood were obtained via venipuncture using a 5 ml disposable syringe from each participant in this study. Serum from both patients and controls was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for CMV IgM and IgG, BAFF, and VCAM-1 in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Results: The current data indicate a markedly reduced mean age in CMV-infected patients (2.18 ± 0.84 years). This signifies that younger children are disproportionately impacted by CMV. The current investigation demonstrated a CMV ELISA seroprevalence of 7(7.78%) for IgM positive patients and 13(14.44%) for those positive for both IgG and IgM. Additionally, it indicated significantly increased levels of B-cell Activating Factor (BAFF) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in CMV-infected pediatric patients relative to controls. The study indicated that CMV may enhance long-term vascular risk through immune-mediated endothelial stress.