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Multisystem Biochemical Toxicity in Experimental Rats: Evidence from Hepatic, Renal, Lipid, Oxidative, and Reproductive Indices

  • Eruotor O. Harrison1
  • Chinwebudu M. Melford2

INTRODUCTION Systemic toxicity resulting from chemical exposure, including fluoride compounds known to induce oxidative stress. Organs central to metabolism, detoxification, and excretion, particularly the liver and kidneys, are especially vulnerable, and their dysfunction often precipitates secondary metabolic, electrolyte, and redox imbalances. Alterations in hepatic enzymes, bilirubin fractions, plasma proteins, renal clearance markers, and electrolyte homeostasis … Read more

Ectopic Gastric and Pancreatic Tissue in An Ileal Lipoma-Pathological Rarity Causing Intussusception

  • MG Abhishek1
  • Pravallika J2
  • Vijay Shankar1

INTRODUCTION Derived from the concept of tissue being in “other places,” heterotopia describes the ectopic presence of gastric or pancreatic elements in the gastrointestinal tract [1]. The reported incidence of these anomalies varies significantly in the literature, with autopsy findings citing a frequency between 0.55% and 13.7%. Because heterotopic pancreas (HP) is typically asymptomatic, it is most frequently … Read more

Comparison of Echocardiographic Parameters Between Left Lateral Decubitus Position and Supine Position

  • Wahitha Thahseem Z1
  • M. Rajesh2
  • B. Subashini3
  • S. Andrew John Silvester4

1. Introduction Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has evolved as an indispensable non-invasive diagnostic tool for comprehensive cardiac assessment, providing real-time visualization of cardiac structure and function [1]. The cardiovascular system demonstrates remarkable adaptability to gravitational forces and postural changes, with body position influencing venous return, cardiac preload, stroke volume, and ultimately, hemodynamic parameters measurable by echocardiography … Read more

Comparative Analysis of Coronary Angiographic Patterns in Patients with and Without Diabetes: An Observational Hospital-Based Investigation

  • Roonak Hamid Wani
  • Abhishek Gupta
  • Mustafa Bashir

Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 2, is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and is often considered equivalent to established CAD in terms of cardiovascular risk [1,2]. Globally, diabetes prevalence continues to rise, with significant contributions from India [3-5]. CAD remains a leading cause of mortality, and diabetes accelerates its progression … Read more

Efficacy of Indian Diabetic Risk Score (IDRS) in Predicting Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults of Kanpur Nagar, Uttar Pradesh- A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

  • Vikas Pal1
  • Tanu Midha1
  • Garima Pal2
  • Santosh Kumar Barman1
  • Sumit Kumar1

INTRODUCTION Globally, lifestyle diseases are becoming more common. With the number of persons with diabetes expected to increase from 537 million in 2021 to 643 million by 2030, T2DM in particular has become a significant global public health concern. They are becoming the leading cause of illness and mortality, surpassing communicable diseases [1]. With 26 … Read more

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Prevalence of Dental caries among 3-15 years old in Lao PDR

  • Viengsavanh Inthakoun1
  • Hue Vang1
  • Amphayvan Homsavath2
  • MaibounSimalavong 2
  • Phetmany Sihavong1
  • Phimfa lee Sayaxang 1
  • Anhtana Photsavang1
  • Chanthanome Mingboupha2
  • Khanphet Laungamath1
  • VimonlakBouphavanh1
  • Vatthana Latsomphou3
  • Fongsamod Daoungnuvong4
  • Thongsavanh Vetsuvan5
  • Bounthon Bounmanatham5
  • Phetlamphay Sidanumon2
  • Amplaivanh homsavath2
  • Viengkham Keohavong3
  • Manivone phanthavong6

1. Introduction Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide, affecting billions of people across all age groups. Globally, an estimated 2 billion individuals suffer from caries in permanent teeth, while approximately 514 million children are affected in their primary dentition [1]. This significant global burden reflects the persistent challenges related to … Read more

Unveiling the CRIB Blood Group: A Landmark Discovery in Indian Hematology Research

  • Ashiq Hussain Magrey1
  • Ayesha Zamir1
  • Priya Srivastava2
  • Kaunain Fatima Naqvi1
  • Thuluz Meza-Menchaca3
  • Nizamudeen S4

The concept of blood groups has been well-established since the early 20th century with the discovery of the ABO and Rh blood group systems. These systems, along with others like the MNS, Kell, Duffy, and others, have been essential in blood transfusion, organ transplantations, and understanding human genetics[1]. However, the identification of novel blood group … Read more

Triple Negative Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Biology, and Management

  • Onyewuchi, AJ1
  • Uko,AF2
  • Otene, SA3
  • Gbaa, ZL2
  • Anenga, Rn4
  • Ugwu, I 5
  • Umobong, Eo6
  • Ojo, BA7
  • Gbaa, Af8

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide and a leading cause of cancer mortality. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)—defined by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2—accounts for roughly 15–20% of breast cancers globally and is associated with aggressive biology, early relapse, and poorer survival compared with other subtypes … Read more

To Study the Comparison of Vascular Access of Brachiobasilic Arteriovenous Fistula to Brachiocephalic Arteriovenous Fistula for Hemodialysis in Patients of End Stage Renal Diseases

  • Shahid Nazeer1
  • Ibtisam Nazir Khan1
  • Pankaj Kaul2
  • Junaid Gulzar Wani1
  • Bariq Athar Masoodi1

Introduction Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive disorder that causes irreversible damage to both kidneys. Its global prevalence is high, averaging 11% in the United States and Europe, excluding patients on dialysis or with functioning transplants. Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of CKD. The main goal of hemodialysis is to restore fluid and … Read more

Physiologic Effect of Ketogenic Diets on Hormonal Profiles in Stress-Induced Male Wistar Rats

  • Kianen Sekiita1
  • Emily Kiridi G.E2
  • Solomon M. Uvoh3
  • Bonnie K. Goodhope4
  • Leghemo, Ebifaghe K5

 INTRODUCTION Ketogenic diets have high fat concentration, low protein, and very low carbohydrates. They enhance ketone body production due to the breakdown of fat to produce energy [ 1]. KD is are effective treatment for most metabolic diseases, including tumour growth [2]. Studies have shown that KD has curative benefits. It has been recommended as … Read more